What is the role of the 16S rRNA in the ribosome?
The 16S rRNA is the central structural component of the bacterial and archaeal 30S ribosomal subunit and is required for the initiation of protein synthesis and the stabilization of correct codon-anticodon pairing in the A site of the ribosome during mRNA translation [1].
Why is 16S rRNA used in phylogenetic studies?
Since 16S rRNA gene is conserved in bacteria, and contain hypervariable regions that can provide species-specific signature sequences, 16S rRNA sequencing is widely used in identification of bacteria and phylogenetic studies. 16S rRNA sequencing is featured by fast speed, cost-efficiency, and high-precision.
Why is 16S rRNA ideal for taxonomic identification?
The 16S rRNA gene is used for phylogenetic studies as it is highly conserved between different species of bacteria and archaea. It is suggested that 16S rRNA gene can be used as a reliable molecular clock because 16S rRNA sequences from distantly related bacterial lineages are shown to have similar functionalities.
What is 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing?
The 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technique is a microbiome analysis where different samples are analyzed at the same time using multiplexing. The results can be used to evaluate microbial diversity at genus, family, order, class, and phylum levels. The resolution is normally insufficient to evaluate the species level.
Why genetic studies use the 16S rRNA gene and the 18s rRNA gene as molecular markers?
Why is 16S rRNA used as a genetic marker?
What is the 16S ribosomal RNA gene?
The 16S ribosomal RNA gene codes for the RNA component of the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome. It is widely present in all bacterial species. Different bacterial species have one to multiple copies of the 16S rRNA gene.
What is 1616s rRNA gene sequencing?
16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing enables analysis of the entire microbial community within a sample. This technique has enabled researchers to describe the abnormal colonization of patients with SBS compared with healthy controls.
How did the 16S rRNA gene evolve?
Thus, 16S rRNA genes may have evolved through multiple mechanisms, including vertical inheritance and horizontal gene transfer; the frequency of the latter may be much higher than previously thought.
What are the applications of 16S RNA in microbiology?
Applications of 16S Ribosomal RNA in Microbiology. 16S rRNA gene sequencing has been established as the “gold standard” for identification and taxonomic classification of bacterial species. Comparison of the bacterial 16S rRNA sequence has been emerged as a valuable genetic technique and can lead to the recognition of novel pathogens such as