What are the classifications of glycosides?
The glycosides can be classified by the glycone, by the type of glycosidal linkage, and by the aglycone. If the glycone group of a glycoside is glucose, then the molecule is a glucoside; if it is fructose, then the molecule is a fructoside; if it is glucuronic acid, then the molecule is a glucuronide, etc.
What are glycosides in plants?
Glycosides are usually compounds of plant origin. They are made up of one or more sugars combined with an alcohol, a phenol, or a complex molecule such as a steroid nucleus. The non-sugar moiety or aglycone is also called a genin. Because they do not contain nitrogen it is wrong to call them alkaloids.
What are glycosides and its types?
There are three types of glycosidic linkages, namely, O-glycosidic linkages, N-glycosidic linkages, and C-glycosidic linkages. In the case of C-linkages, the glycoside is resistant to acid hydrolysis.
What plants contain glycosides?
While there are many plant sources of cardiac glycosides, common ones include the following:
- Purple foxglove ( Digitalis purpurea)
- Woolly foxglove ( Digitalis lanata)
- Ouabain ( Strophanthus gratus)
- Lily-of-the-valley ( Convallaria majalis)
- Common oleander ( Nerium oleander)
- Yellow oleander ( Thevetia peruviana)
How glycosides are characterized?
Glycosides may be phenol, alcohol, or sulfur compounds. They are characterized by sugar proteins attached by a special bond to one or more nonsugar proteins. Many plants store chemicals in the form of inactive glycosides, which can be activated by enzyme hydrolysis (Polt, 1995).
Are disaccharides glycosides?
Disaccharides are a specialized type of glycoside in which the anomeric hydroxyl group of one sugar has…
What are the parts that make glycosides?
2 Glycosides. Glycosides are molecules made up of a carbohydrate (usually monosaccharides or sugars) and a nonglucidic compound.
How are glycosides formed?
Glycosides are formed when the anomeric (hemiac-etal or hemiketal) hydroxyl group of a monosaccharide undergoes condensation with the hydroxyl group of a second molecule, with the elimination of water.
Are glycosides monosaccharides?
The glycone can consist of a single sugar group (monosaccharide), two sugar groups (disaccharide), or several sugar groups (oligosaccharide). The first glycoside ever identified was amygdalin, by the French chemists Pierre Robiquet and Antoine Boutron-Charlard, in 1830.
How do you classify glycosides?
Classification of Glycosides 1 BASED ON THE CHEMICAL NATURE OF NON SUGAR MOIETY 2 BASED ON TE NATURE OF SUGAR MOITY 3 BASED ON LINKAGE BETWEEN GLYCON AND AGLYCON PORTION 4 BASED ON THERAPEUTIC NATURE OF GLYCOSIDE
What are plant glycosides used for?
Many such plant glycosides are used as medications. GLYCOSIDES Formally, a glycoside is any molecule in which a sugar group is bonded through its anomeric carbon to another group via a glycosidic bond.
What is glycoside made of?
Glycosides: Glycoside is an organic compound that contains C, H, and O in its structure. They are natural carbohydrate substances. They are obtained from maximum higher plants but in less quantity.
What is the classification of aglycone glycosides?
When the chemical nature of the aglycone group is used as the basis of systematization, the classification is as follows: Saponin glycosides are divided into 2 types based on the chemical structure of their aglycones ( sapogenins ). Saponins on hydrolysis yield an aglycone known as “sapogenin”.