What is gene expression and its regulation?
Regulation of gene expression, or gene regulation, includes a wide range of mechanisms that are used by cells to increase or decrease the production of specific gene products (protein or RNA).
Is heterochromatin transcribed?
Heterochromatin is densely packed and inaccessible to transcription factors so it is rendered transcriptionally silent (Richards and Elgin 2002).
What are examples of epigenetic regulation of gene expression?
Abstract. Epigenetic changes are defined as inherited modifications that are not present in DNA sequence. Gene expression is regulated at various levels and not only in response to DNA modifications. Examples of epigenetic control are DNA methylation, histone deacetylation and mi-RNA expression.
How does Heterochromatinization occur?
It is the program of heterochromatinization, whereby condensation spreads outwards in cis, in response to epigenetic signaling events, that gives rise to the term `facultative heterochromatin’, as distinguished from `constitutive heterochromatin’, which applies to chromosomal regions that apparently remain condensed in …
Why is heterochromatin not expressed?
These varieties lie on a continuum between the two extremes of constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin. Both play a role in the expression of genes. Because it is tightly packed, it was thought to be inaccessible to polymerases and therefore not transcribed; however, according to Volpe et al.
How does histone H3K36me3 affect gene expression?
H3K36me3 is a histone modification known to mark active genes. To further understand the effects of H3K36me3 on gene expression levels, we develop predictive models to compute the correlation between the binding signal of H3K36me3 in each bin and the gene expression levels.
What is the role of H3K36me3 in DSR?
In the sense that H3K36me3 can also regulate the gene expression and RNA splicing, H3K36me3 may participate in the DSR by disturbing the gene expressions of DNA repair proteins. So, how to distinguish the double faces of H3K36me3 in DSR may be an interesting filed to explore.
Is H3K36me3 a universal epigenetic feature?
By a series of analyses, we observe that H3K36me3 is a significant epigenetic feature, which participates in the transcriptional regulation of many gene groups, including protein-coding genes, non-protein-coding genes, tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes. And the regulation of H3K36me3 is universal among the three cell lines and gene groups.
How does H3K36me3 regulate RNA splicing?
To regulate the RNA splicing machinery, H3K36me3 forms an adapter system with MORF-related gene 15 (MRG15) to recruit splicing regulator polypyrimidine tract–binding protein (PTB) [ 26 ].