What is an example of epistemic injustice?
Common examples include sexism and racism. In such cases the testimony of a woman or a person from an ethnic minority background will be given deflated credibility, based on the prejudicial associations between that group and negative stereotypes.
What does Miranda Fricker mean by epistemic justice?
Epistemic injustice occurs, as Fricker introduces the concept, when someone is given less credence than they deserve. As a source of testimony, they are treated unjustly. Members of groups against whom there is widespread prejudice are the most obvious victims.
How do you fix epistemic in injustice?
To prevent epistemic injustice, Fricker suggests that we cultivate reliable character traits—virtues—that neutralize prejudice. We should aim to be aware of the potential prejudice in who we judge as credible.
What is hermeneutic injustice?
Hermeneutical injustice is: the injustice of having some significant area of one’s social experience obscured from collective understanding owing to a structural prejudice in the collective hermeneutical resource.
Why is epistemic injustice bad?
Practically, epistemic injustice can further be disadvantageous to someone in that it may create, reproduce, and/or exacerbate socioeconomic inequalities and social and structural injustice (Fricker 2007, 43).
What is epistemic inequality?
The distribution of epistemic rights determines the degree of epistemic inequality, defined as unequal access to learning imposed by hidden mechanisms of information capture, production, analysis, and control.
What is epistemic oppression?
Epistemic oppression refers to persistent epistemic exclusion that hinders one’s contribution to knowledge production. The tendency to shy away from using the term “epistemic oppression” may follow from an assumption that epistemic forms of oppression are generally reducible to social and political forms of oppression.
Why is epistemic injustice important?
The concept of epistemic injustice has the potential to elucidate and clarify several aspects of socioeconomic injustice and is thus an important concept not just for ethical and moral theory but also for political theory since it concerns the exercise of power, the design of public institutions, such as schools.
What is hermeneutic justice?
argue that human rights may serve as a type of hermeneutical justice, which allow people to understand and express their moral concerns and care for others across the globe.
What does epistemic rhetoric mean?
Epistemic rhetoric is defined as a. knowledge-discovering rhetoric in Classical times,and a knowledge- creating rhetoric in contemporary times.
What is epistemic injustice?
In the book and subsequent papers (e.g., Fricker 2013, cited under Epistemic Injustice (“Testimonial,” “Hermeneutical,” and More) ), Fricker argues that there are two basic kinds of epistemic injustice, or two fundamental ways in which people can be wrongfully disadvantaged in their capacity as epistemic subjects.
Where does the word epistemic come from?
Wherever it is used, epistemic traces back to the knowledge of the Greeks. It comes from epistēmē, Greek for “knowledge.” That Greek word is from the verb epistanai, meaning “to know or understand,” a word formed from the prefix epi- (meaning “upon” or “attached to”) and histanai (meaning “to cause to stand”).
What is an epistemologist?
The study of the nature and grounds of knowledge is called epistemology, and one who engages in such study is an epistemologist. Recent Examples on the Web For people who have staked their lives on doing whatever the experts tell them to do, the strange unity of confusion has induced an epistemic crisis.
Are there different types of discriminatory injustice?
While these are presented as internally diverse categories, Fricker has largely argued for them as the two basic kinds of discriminatory (as opposed to distributive) epistemic injustice.